Altaic etymology : Query result

Proto-Altaic: *umV ?

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: fire, to burn

Russian meaning: огонь, жечь

Turkic: *uma- ?

Tungus-Manchu: *omV-

Japanese: *umati (?)

Comments: A highly dubious comparison, because of extremely scarce reflexes in Turk. and Japanese.

Proto-Altaic: *ùntu ( ~ o-)

Meaning: whirlpool, tide

Russian meaning: водоворот, прилив

Mongolian: *undu-

Tungus-Manchu: *onda-

Japanese: *ùntu

Comments: Ozawa 59-60 (Mong.-Jpn.).

Proto-Altaic: *uŋe

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: hollow, pit

Russian meaning: яма, нора

Turkic: *üŋ-

Mongolian: *oŋgi-

Tungus-Manchu: *uŋ-

Korean: *òŋtáŋ- / *ùŋtǝ́ŋ-

Comments: KW 287, Rozycki 218. Despite Doerfer MT 111, TM cannot be borrowed from Mong. Mong. (and some Turkic reflexes) go back to a suffixed form *uŋe-kV(jV).

Proto-Altaic: *uŋt`e

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: back, buttock, behind

Russian meaning: спина, ягодица, зад

Mongolian: *(h)ona-

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)unda-

Korean: *ǝ̄ŋtǝŋ'i

Comments: Дыбо 306.

Proto-Altaic: *uŋt`V

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: pole in the house

Russian meaning: шест, столб в доме

Mongolian: *(h)uni-

Tungus-Manchu: *unde(ken)

Comments: A Mong.-Tung. isogloss. See ТМС 2, 274. {Cf. PE *unaʁǝ-ci- 'wood, drift-wood' ?}

Proto-Altaic: *ùp`í

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to grasp

Russian meaning: хватать

Turkic: *üp

Mongolian: *(h)öb

Korean: *op- / *up-

Japanese: *ùmpà-p-

Comments: Despite VEWT 522, hardly borrowed in Turkic < Mongolian; the reverse direction is possible, but semantics of the Mong. word speaks rather against it.

Proto-Altaic: *ŭra

Meaning: female

Russian meaning: самка

Turkic: *urag-

Mongolian: *(h)argali (?)

Tungus-Manchu: *oru-n

Comments: Basically a Turk.-Tung. isogloss. If Mong. argali is related, then Turk. *arkar (see ЭСТЯ 1, 176, Лексика 155) 'mountain ram' must be an old Mong. loanword - which is somewhat dubious.

Proto-Altaic: *ura ( ~ o-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: piebald, brown

Russian meaning: пегий, коричневый

Turkic: *or

Mongolian: *orug

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)ur-

Comments: A Western isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *úŕi

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: debt

Russian meaning: долг

Turkic: *üŕ-

Mongolian: *öri

Japanese: *úr-

Comments: See notes to *arV.

Proto-Altaic: *ŭ́ro ( ~ -u)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to grow

Russian meaning: расти

Turkic: *ur

Mongolian: *urgu-

Tungus-Manchu: *ure-

Korean: *ōr

Japanese: *úrá-

Comments: ТМС 2, 286, Miller 1982, 402 (Jpn.-TM).

Proto-Altaic: *ùso

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: a k. of clothing

Russian meaning: вид одежды

Tungus-Manchu: *usī-

Korean: *ós

Japanese: *ǝsǝ-

Comments: An Eastern isogloss. Cf. also Shor uzan 'наплечник вроде капюшона из козлиной кожи, надеваемый звероловами в мокрую погоду шерстью наружу'.

Proto-Altaic: *úsu ( ~ o-, -i)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: animal; cow

Russian meaning: животное; корова

Tungus-Manchu: *us-

Korean: *sjó

Japanese: *úsí

Comments: An Eastern isogloss. Korean has a frequent initial vowel reduction.

Proto-Altaic: *ut`à ( ~ *o-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to be able, understand

Russian meaning: мочь, понимать

Mongolian: *(h)udka

Tungus-Manchu: *util-

Korean: *ǝ́tìr-

Japanese: *ata-p-

Comments: A derivative *ut`à-lV- (probably *ut`à-li- to account for the fronting of the second vowel) is reflected in PTM *uti-l- and Kor. ǝ́tìr-.

Proto-Altaic: *ŭ́t`a ( ~ -t-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to meet

Russian meaning: встречать

Turkic: *ut-

Mongolian: *učira-

Japanese: *átá-

Comments: Cf. *ùč`e.

Proto-Altaic: *ū́č`i

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: end, edge

Russian meaning: конец, край

Turkic: *ūč

Mongolian: *üǯüɣür

Korean: *učuk

Comments: Medial -ǯ- in Mong. must be due to assimilation.

Proto-Altaic: *ū̀jbà

Meaning: foam

Russian meaning: пена

Mongolian: *ibil-

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)ōb-

Japanese: *àwà

Comments: Medial *-j- accounts both for an unexpected vowel development and preservation of -b- in Mong., and for -w- in Jpn.

Proto-Altaic: *ū́lo

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to cry, howl

Russian meaning: кричать, выть

Turkic: *ūlɨ-

Mongolian: *uli-

Korean: *ūr-

Japanese: *ǝ́rá-mp-

Comments: KW 448, PKE 223, JLTT 742. An expressive root. Because of the merger of *l and *r the Kor.-Jpn. reflexes of this root may also be attributed to *óru (thus in Lee 1958, 118), and vice versa.

Proto-Altaic: *ū́ĺpe

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: ground game

Russian meaning: пушной зверь

Turkic: *ǖĺ

Mongolian: *olbo / olbi

Tungus-Manchu: *ulgu-kī

Japanese: *bǝsǝ ( ~ -ua)

Comments: Дыбо 9, Лексика 159.

Proto-Altaic: *ū́nŋe

Meaning: sound, voice

Russian meaning: звук, голос